{"id":50625,"date":"2023-07-07T08:00:48","date_gmt":"2023-07-07T08:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hunting.be\/doublement-du-nombre-de-patients-atteints-de-leishmaniose-tropicale-en-belgique\/"},"modified":"2025-11-12T15:30:32","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T15:30:32","slug":"doublement-du-nombre-de-patients-atteints-de-leishmaniose-tropicale-en-belgique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hunting.be\/fr\/doublement-du-nombre-de-patients-atteints-de-leishmaniose-tropicale-en-belgique\/","title":{"rendered":"Doublement du nombre de patients atteints de leishmaniose tropicale en Belgique"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; 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image_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbentrance\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bbFade In\u00a0\u00bb hover_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb alignment=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb image_loading=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]<strong>La Fondation Damien met en garde contre le fait que la leishmaniose, une maladie tropicale \u00ab n\u00e9glig\u00e9e \u00bb, est \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sente en Belgique. La maladie n\u2019est pas tr\u00e8s connue, mais l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, l\u2019Institut de m\u00e9decine tropicale de notre pays a trait\u00e9 une trentaine de patients qui ont contract\u00e9 la maladie \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger. C\u2019est deux fois plus qu\u2019il y a dix ans. La leishmaniose est une maladie parasitaire transmise par un petit phl\u00e9botome. Surtout ceux qui voyagent dans des pays tropicaux avec des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es et une humidit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e doivent \u00eatre vigilants. Mais aussi dans les pays de vacances populaires comme la France, l\u2019Espagne, l\u2019Italie, le Maroc et la Croatie, il existe un phl\u00e9botome qui peut transmettre la maladie.     <\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]La leishmaniose se pr\u00e9sente sous trois formes. Environ 80 \u00e0 90 % des cas impliquent une leishmaniose cutan\u00e9e, dans laquelle des ulc\u00e8res chroniques se d\u00e9veloppent sur la peau. Les plaies ne sont pas mortelles, mais causent des blessures graves et doivent \u00eatre trait\u00e9es. Les formes les plus s\u00e9v\u00e8res, la leishmaniose visc\u00e9rale et muco-cutan\u00e9e, sont mortelles. Environ 15&nbsp;% des patients sont \u00e0 risque de leishmaniose visc\u00e9rale, une forme qui affecte les organes internes, principalement le foie et la rate. Cette variante se trouve principalement en Inde, au Bangladesh et en Afrique de l\u2019Est. Une grande minorit\u00e9, environ 5&nbsp;% des patients, d\u00e9veloppent une leishmaniose cutan\u00e9o-muqueuse. Cette forme affecte la muqueuse de la bouche et du nez et ne se trouve qu\u2019en Am\u00e9rique latine.       <\/p>\n<div id=\"gallery-0e6b82f8-e254-446c-a7c9-aae64283f256\" class=\"release-content-gallery release-content-gallery--layout-contained chromatic-gallery chromatic-gallery--padding-s chromatic-gallery--thumbnail-size-m\" data-component=\"chromatic-gallery,image-zoom-popup\" data-chromatic-gallery-padding=\"S\" data-chromatic-gallery-thumbnail-size=\"M\" data-chromatic-gallery-captions=\"data:application\/json,true\" 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overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h4><strong>Prudence pour ceux qui voyagent dans des zones \u00e0 haut risque<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>On estime que la leishmaniose touche environ 600 000 \u00e0 1 million de personnes dans le monde chaque ann\u00e9e. Le phl\u00e9botome qui transmet la maladie en piquant ses victimes vit principalement dans les zones tropicales comme l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud. Mais aussi en France, en Espagne, en Italie, au Maroc et en Croatie, destinations de vacances populaires pour de nombreux Belges, il existe un risque d\u2019infection apr\u00e8s une piq\u00fbre de phl\u00e9botome. Dans le sud de l\u2019Europe, entre 12 000 et 20 000 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 infect\u00e9es par la maladie en 2022, selon une estimation de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9.   <\/p>\n<p>Dans notre pays, il n\u2019y a pas de risque d\u2019infection pour l\u2019instant, bien qu\u2019une trentaine de patients aient \u00e9t\u00e9 trait\u00e9s l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re apr\u00e8s avoir contract\u00e9 la maladie \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger. C\u2019est le double par rapport \u00e0 il y a 10 ans. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab La leishmaniose est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une maladie tropicale \u00ab n\u00e9glig\u00e9e \u00bb car elle touche principalement les populations vuln\u00e9rables et ne dispose pas de ressources suffisantes pour fournir les soins et la recherche appropri\u00e9s. De plus, vous ne pouvez pas contracter la maladie dans notre pays car elle n\u2019est pas transmissible d\u2019une personne \u00e0 l\u2019autre. Tous les patients trait\u00e9s en Belgique se sont rendus dans une zone \u00e0 haut risque et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 piqu\u00e9s par un phl\u00e9botome infect\u00e9. En outre, en raison de l\u2019augmentation de la migration, nous voyons \u00e9galement de plus en plus de migrants en provenance de Syrie ou d\u2019Afghanistan, entre autres, qui sont infect\u00e9s. Ils voyagent souvent \u00e0 travers diff\u00e9rents pays, il n\u2019est donc pas toujours \u00e9vident de savoir o\u00f9 ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 piqu\u00e9s. <em>Dr Emmanuel Bottieau, chef du service des maladies tropicales \u00e0 l\u2019Institut de m\u00e9decine<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> tropicalePlus il fait chaud et humide, plus le climat est propice \u00e0 la survie de la mouche des sables. Le r\u00e9chauffement climatique peut donc entra\u00eener la propagation des insectes. <\/p>\n<h4><strong>Pr\u00e9vention et gu\u00e9rison<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Il n\u2019existe pas de vaccin contre la leishmaniose et les insectifuges n\u2019offrent pas non plus une protection suffisante. L\u2019Institut de m\u00e9decine tropicale recommande de porter des v\u00eatements qui couvrent les bras et les jambes et d\u2019\u00eatre particuli\u00e8rement vigilant aux sympt\u00f4mes. Si vous remarquez des plaies \u00e9tranges apr\u00e8s un voyage, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de consulter votre m\u00e9decin ou l\u2019Institut de m\u00e9decine tropicale. Si vous souhaitez v\u00e9rifier si vous voyagez dans une zone \u00e0 risque, vous pouvez le v\u00e9rifier sur le site wanda.be.   <\/p>\n<h4><strong>Th\u00e9rapie par la chaleur : 96&nbsp;% des patients gu\u00e9rissent apr\u00e8s un traitement<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, la Fondation Damien a lanc\u00e9 un projet pilote au Nicaragua pour traiter les patients atteints de leishmaniose cutan\u00e9e par thermoth\u00e9rapie, apr\u00e8s qu\u2019un projet d\u2019observation \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle au Guatemala ait donn\u00e9 de bons r\u00e9sultats. En th\u00e9rapie thermique, les plaies de la leishmaniose sont trait\u00e9es avec des \u00e9lectrodes chaudes \u00e0 50\u00b0C.  Une s\u00e9ance suffit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 d\u00e9truire les parasites dans la plaie. La nouvelle th\u00e9rapie remplace le traitement habituel par des injections. Ces injections sont douloureuses, doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es tous les jours pendant un mois et les substances toxiques qu\u2019elles contiennent provoquent des effets secondaires graves. De plus, les injections sont moins efficaces car seulement 66&nbsp;% des patients au Nicaragua sont gu\u00e9ris, m\u00eame apr\u00e8s plusieurs traitements.     <\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9sultats de la thermoth\u00e9rapie semblent prometteurs : 96 % des patients ont \u00e9t\u00e9 gu\u00e9ris apr\u00e8s un seul traitement avec les rayons de chaleur.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab Entre juin et d\u00e9cembre 2022, nous avons trait\u00e9 109 patients par thermoth\u00e9rapie dans la r\u00e9gion de Jinotega au Nicaragua, o\u00f9 la leishmaniose est particuli\u00e8rement r\u00e9pandue. Les r\u00e9sultats que nous y avons obtenus sont impressionnants. Aucun patient n\u2019a signal\u00e9 d\u2019effets secondaires. Et comme le traitement ne fait pas mal non plus, la bonne nouvelle s\u2019est rapidement r\u00e9pandue parmi la population locale. Toute personne qui soup\u00e7onne d\u2019\u00eatre infect\u00e9e ose \u00e9galement demander de l\u2019aide m\u00e9dicale beaucoup plus rapidement. Le taux de d\u00e9tection dans la zone a augment\u00e9 de 125 % en 2022 par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. C\u2019est un r\u00e9sultat merveilleux. Nous voulons donc faire conna\u00eetre la m\u00e9thode de traitement et l\u2019appliquer dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions. <em>Dr Manuel Bravo de la Fondation <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> DamienLes groupes vuln\u00e9rables peuvent \u00e9galement recevoir une th\u00e9rapie par la chaleur car il n\u2019y a pas d\u2019effets secondaires.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h4><strong>Une th\u00e9rapie par la chaleur r\u00e9ussie de la Fondation Damien \u00e9galement en Belgique ?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>En plus du Nicaragua, la Fondation Damien traite actuellement des patients par th\u00e9rapie par la chaleur au Guatemala. Mais le traitement m\u00e9rite \u00e9galement plus d\u2019attention en Europe. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab Des \u00e9tudes publi\u00e9es montrent que la thermoth\u00e9rapie est efficace comme traitement de la leishmaniose cutan\u00e9e en Am\u00e9rique latine. Cette m\u00e9thode de traitement est plus courte, moins ch\u00e8re, non toxique et plus populaire par rapport au traitement standard qui consiste en des injections quotidiennes pendant au moins 20 jours. C\u2019est pourquoi l\u2019Organisation panam\u00e9ricaine de la sant\u00e9 (OPS) recommande la thermoth\u00e9rapie pour les adultes, ainsi que pour les personnes toxiques au traitement par injection, comme les femmes enceintes et allaitantes, et les personnes dont le syst\u00e8me immunitaire est affaibli ou qui ont une maladie cardiaque. Nous nous engageons \u00e0 collecter des fonds afin de pouvoir acheter des appareils suppl\u00e9mentaires et d\u2019\u00e9tendre l\u2019application de la thermoth\u00e9rapie. En outre, des discussions sont en cours avec l\u2019Institut de m\u00e9decine tropicale d\u2019Anvers pour envisager la thermoth\u00e9rapie en Belgique pour les voyageurs revenant d\u2019Am\u00e9rique latine et pour les groupes vuln\u00e9rables mentionn\u00e9s ci-dessus.  <em>Dr Nimer Ortuno Gutierrez, conseiller m\u00e9dical \u00e0 la Fondation Damien<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":50630,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[660],"tags":[661],"class_list":["post-50625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-maladie","tag-mouche-des-sables"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - 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